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CRS Reports (Congressional Research Service)

Topical CRS Collections

Homeland Security Digital Library
provides access to over 4,000 CRS Reports.
National Library for the Environment (ceased?)
provided access to over 2,000 CRS Reports on environmental and related topics.
more...less...
previous url http://www.cnie.org/NLE/CRS/
Federation of American Scientists
selected CRS Reports primarily addressing national security, weapons, foreign policy, space policy, and related topics.
Thurgood Marshall Law Library (University of Maryland)
CRS Reports - Homeland Security/Terrorism and Health Law and Policy
Key Workplace Documents (Cornell University)
"a unique collection of materials which encompass aspects of the employer-employee relationship" - includes a collection of CRS Reports and Issue Briefs.
U.S. Dept of State, Foreign Press Centers
selected CRS reports
Franklin Pierce Law Center IP Mall
Intellectual property, cyberlaw and electronic commerce CRS Reports
Air University selected CRS Reports
selected reports dealing with homeland security, military, international, etc.
National Agricultural Law Center
CRS reports related to agriculture and food issues
GlobalSecurity.org
national security & budget, military operations, arms sales, weapon systems, and regions of world
IWS - The Information Warfare Site
archive of CRS reports from 2001-2004 regarding homeland security, intelligence, terrorism, etc.

Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer Resources

Congressional Research Service Reports

Marriage and Family

Fulton v. Philadelphia: Religious Exemptions from Generally Applicable Laws, CRS Legal Sidebar
June 22, 2021
Masterpiece Cakeshop: Proving Government Hostility to Religion, CRS Legal Sidebar
June 5, 2018
Alabama Chief Justice Orders Probate Judges to Cease Issuing Marriage Licenses to Same-Sex Couples
February 8, 2016
Social Security and Same-Sex Marriage: Post Obergefell V. Hodges
December 18, 2015
Recognition of Same-Sex Marriage: Implications for Religious Objections
October 23, 2015
Obergefell v. Hodges: Same-Sex Marriage Legalized
August 7, 2015
Same-Sex Marriage: A Legal Overview
April 6, 2015
Same-Sex Marriage: A Legal Background After United States v. Windsor
October 10, 2014
The Potential Federal Tax Implications of United States v. Windsor (Striking Section 3 of the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA)): Selected Issues
September 9, 2013
Same-Sex Marriages: Legal Issues
May 14, 2013
Federal Benefits and the Same-Sex Partners of Federal Employees
February 28, 2013
The Effect of State-Legalized Same-Sex Marriage on Social Security Benefits, Pensions, and Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs)
January 17, 2013
Same-Sex Adoptions
September 13, 2012
Same-Sex Marriage and Employee Benefit Plans: Legal Considerations
September 12, 2011
Same-Sex Marriage: Selected References
June 11, 1998
Defense of Marriage Act
December 4, 1996
Interstate Marriage Recognition and the Defense of Marriage Act
June 7, 1996

Military

Diversity, Inclusion, and Equal Opportunity in the Armed Services: Background and Issues for Congress
October 24, 2017
Transgender Servicemembers: Policy Shifts & Considerations for Congress
August 30, 2017
"Don't Ask, Don't Tell": A Legal Analysis
August 6, 2013
The Repeal of "Don't Ask, Don't Tell": Issues for Congress
December 21, 2012
"Don't Ask, Don't Tell": Military Policy and the Law on Same-Sex Behavior
December 20, 2010
Homosexuals and the U.S. Military: Current Issues
July 22, 2009
Homosexuals and U.S. Military Personnel Policy
January 14, 1993

Other

Potential Application of Bostock v. Clayton County to Other Civil Rights Statutes
July 2, 2021
Supreme Court Rules Title VII Bars Discrimination Against Gay and Transgender Employees: Potential Implications, CRS Legal Sidebar
June 17, 2020
Supreme Court Considers Sex Discrimination Claims by Gay and Transgender Workers, CRS Legal Sidebar
October 11, 2019
En Banc Seventh Circuit Rules That Title VII Protects Against Sexual Orientation Discrimination
April 13, 2017
Orlando Shooting Revives Debate over Restricting Blood Donations by Gay Men
August 1, 2016
Mass Shootings and Terrorism: CRS Products
June 24, 2016
The Student Non-Discrimination Act (SNDA): A Legal Analysis
May 12, 2015
Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Discrimination in Employment: A Legal Analysis of the Employment Non-Discrimination Act (ENDA)
July 15, 2013
Hate Crime Legislation
November 29, 2010
State Statutes Governing Hate Crimes
September 28, 2010
Homosexuality and the Constitution: A Legal Analysis of the Supreme Court Ruling in Lawrence V. Texas
May 26, 2005
Homosexuality and the Federal Constitution: A Legal Analysis of the U.S. Supreme Court Ruling in Romer v. Evans
June 21, 1996
Sexual Orientation Discrimination in Employment: Legislation and Issues in the 104th Congress
November 17, 1995
Legal System and Controversy: Women, Gays, Minorities, the Poor, the Aged, and the Disabled: Selected References, 1990-1993
August 1, 1993
Homosexuality: Selected Studies and Review of Possible Origins
April 15, 1993
Privacy Rights Regarding Sex and Family Issues; Selected References, 1986-1992
May 1, 1992
Homosexuality and Immigration Law After the Immigration Act of 1990
June 21, 1991
Prohibiting Discrimination on the Basis of Sexual Orientation: Arguments For and Against Proposed Legislation
April 10, 1989
Legal Analysis of the Potential Impact of the Proposed Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) on Homosexuals
October 12, 1983
Pros and Cons of Legalizing Victimless Crimes
June 10, 1975
Other Resources for CRS Reports

Health Care

Congressional Research Service Reports

Health Insurance Premium Tax Credit and Cost-Sharing Reductions
February 14, 2024
The Restoring Hope for Mental Health and Well-Being Act of 2022 (Division FF, Title I of P.L. 117-328, the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023): Section-by-Section Summary
January 29, 2024
Prevention and Public Health Fund: In Brief
January 8, 2024
Medicare Drug Price Negotiation Under the Inflation Reduction Act: Industry Responses and Potential Effects
December 8, 2023
Medicaid Disproportionate Share Hospital Payments
November 20, 2023
Finding Medicare Fee-For-Service (FFS) Payment System Rules: Schedules and Resources
June 28, 2023
State Laws Restricting or Prohibiting Abortion
June 16, 2023
Involuntary Civil Commitment: Fourteenth Amendment Due Process Protections
May 24, 2023
Medigap: Background and Statistics
May 12, 2023
Honoring Our PACT Act of 2022 (P.L. 117-168): Expansion of Health Care Eligibility and Toxic Exposure Screenings
May 2, 2023
Immigration Options and Professional Requirements for Foreign Health Care Workers
April 28, 2023
Closed, Converted, Merged, and New Hospitals with Medicare Rural Designations: January 2018-November 2022
April 26, 2023
Federal Support for Reproductive Health Services: Frequently Asked Questions
April 14, 2023
Overview of Health Insurance Exchanges
March 17, 2023
Federal Requirements on Private Health Insurance Plans
March 9, 2023
Mental Health Parity and Coverage in Private Health Insurance: Federal Requirements
February 1, 2023
The Strategic National Stockpile: Overview and Issues for Congress
January 25, 2023
Immigrants’ Access to Health Care
December 21, 2022
Income for the Population Aged 65 and Older: Evidence from the Health Retirement Study (HRS)
December 16, 2022
Global Health Engagement in the Department of Defense
December 6, 2022
Potential Enforcement of State Abortion Laws on Federal Property
October 24, 2022
Medicaid Coverage of Long-Term Services and Supports
September 15, 2022
Changes in Employment and Employer-Sponsored Health Insurance Levels During the COVID-19 Pandemic
August 19, 2022
Advanced Research Projects Agency for Health (ARPA-H): Congressional Action and Selected Policy Issues
August 12, 2022
Health Savings Accounts (HSAs)
August 8, 2022
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Funding Overview
August 5, 2022
Medicare Part B: Enrollment and Premiums
May 19, 2022
State and Federal Authority To Mandate COVID-19 Vaccination
May 17, 2022
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA): COVID-19 Emergency Temporary Standards (ETS) on Health Care Employment and Vaccinations and Testing for Large Employers
March 24, 2022
Health Reimbursement Arrangements (HRAs): Overview and Related History
March 7, 2022
Abortion: Judicial History and Legislative Response
February 25, 2022
The Provider Relief Fund: Frequently Asked Questions
February 7, 2022
The National Health Service Corps
January 4, 2022
Health Policy: Resources for Congressional Staff
December 3, 2021
Military Medical Care: Frequently Asked Questions
October 25, 2021
Medicare: Insolvency Projections
October 25, 2021
COVID-19 Testing: Frequently Asked Questions
September 16, 2021
Health Insurance Continuation Coverage Under COBRA
August 13, 2021
Surprise Billing in Private Health Insurance: Overview of Federal Consumer Protections and Payment for Out-of-Network Services
July 26, 2021
Commander John Scott Hannon Veterans Mental Health Care Improvement Act of 2019 (P.L. 116-171) and Veterans COMPACT Act of 2020 (P.L. 116-214)
July 19, 2021
Behavioral Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Overview and Issues for Congress
July 2, 2021
Federal Emergency and Major Disaster Declarations for the COVID-19 Pandemic
June 4, 2021
Scope of CDC Authority Under Section 361 of the Public Health Service Act (PHSA)
April 13, 2021
Medicare Hospital Payments: Adjusting for Variation in Geographic Area Wages
March 3, 2021
Medicaid: An Overview
February 22, 2021
Medicare Advantage (MA) Coverage of End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) and Network Requirement Changes
January 11, 2021
Medicare Part D Prescription Drug Benefit
December 18, 2020
Legal Issues in COVID-19 Vaccine Development and Deployment
November 25, 2020
Tracking COVID-19: U.S. Public Health Surveillance and Data
November 2, 2020
U.S. Withdrawal from the World Health Organization: Process and Implications
October 21, 2020
Digital Contact Tracing and Data Protection Law
September 24, 2020
Medicaid's Federal Medical Assistance Percentage (FMAP)
July 29, 2020
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA): Overview of the Agency and Major Programs
June 23, 2020
Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA): Resources for Frequently Asked Questions
May 5, 2020
Selected Health Provisions in Title III of the CARES Act (P.L. 116-136)
April 29, 2020
Health Care-Related Expiring Provisions of the 116th Congress, Second Session
April 28, 2020
Telehealth and Telemedicine: Frequently Asked Questions
March 12, 2020
Health Care for Veterans: Answers to Frequently Asked Questions
March 4, 2020
Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA): Maternal Health Programs
March 4, 2020
U.S. Bilateral International Family Planning and Reproductive Health Programs: Background and Selected Issues
February 6, 2020
Federal Spending on Benefits and Services for People with Low Income: FY2008-FY2018 Update
February 5, 2020
Medicare Trigger
February 4, 2020
The Community Health Center Fund: In Brief
May 13, 2019
The National Institutes of Health (NIH): Background & Congressional Issues
April 19, 2019
The Affordable Care Act's (ACA) Employer Shared Responsibility Provisions (ESRP)
January 9, 2019
State Innovation Waivers: Frequently Asked Questions
January 9, 2019
Comparison of the Bills to Extend State Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) Funding
November 3, 2017
Title X (Public Health Service Act) Family Planning Program
August 31, 2017
Maternal & Child Health Services Block Grant: Background & Funding
August 28, 2017
The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act's (ACA's) Transitional Reinsurance Program
August 23, 2017
Public Health Service Agencies: Overview & Funding (FY2016-FY2018)
August 16, 2017
The Individual Mandate for Health Insurance Coverage: In Brief
August 14, 2017
Medicare Financial Status: In Brief
August 9, 2017
Provisions of Obamacare Repeal Reconciliation Act of 2017 (ORRA)
July 24, 2017
Comparison of the American Health Care Act (AHCA) & the Better Care Reconciliation Act (BCRA)
July 23, 2017
Prescription Drug Discount Coupons & Patient Assistance Programs (PAPs) Implications for Public & Commercial Health Care Plans
June 15, 2017
Maternal & Infant Early Childhood Home Visiting (MIECHV) Program: Background & Funding
June 14, 2017
H.R. 1628: The American Health Care Act (AHCA)
May 26, 2017
Federal Health Centers: An Overview
May 19, 2017
Use of the Annual Appropriations Process to Block Implementation of the Affordable Care Act (FY2011-FY2017)
May 11, 2017
Regulation of Clinical Tests: In Vitro Diagnostic (IVD) Devices, Laboratory Developed Tests (LDTs), & Genetic Tests
April 11, 2017
Factors Related to the Use of Planned Parenthood Affiliated Health Centers (PPAHCs) & Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs)
April 5, 2017
Medicaid Financial Eligibility for Long-Term Services & Supports
March 7, 2017
Health Care-Related Expiring Provisions of the 115th Congress, First Session
February 22, 2017
Long-Term Care Services for Veterans
February 14, 2017
Discretionary Spending Under the Affordable Care Act (ACA)
February 8, 2017
Appropriations & Fund Transfers in the Affordable Care Act (ACA)
February 7, 2017
Legislative Actions in the 112th, 113th, and 114th Congresses to Repeal, Defund, or Delay the Affordable Care Act
February 7, 2017
The Excise Tax on High-Cost Employer-Sponsored Health Insurance: Estimated Economic & Market Effects
January 12, 2017
Veterans Choice Program (VCP): Program Implementation
January 5, 2017
Eligibility and Determination of Health Insurance Premium Tax Credits and Cost-Sharing Subsidies: In Brief
November 16, 2016
Senate Medical Innovation Bills: Overview and Comparison with the 21st Century Cures Act (H.R. 6)
May 17, 2016
Treatment of Noncitizens Under the Affordable Care Act
October 27, 2016
FDA Regulation of Medical Devices
September 14, 2016
The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act's Essential Health Benefits (EHB)
July 6, 2016
Overview of Private Health Insurance Provisions in the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA)
April 5, 2016
Private Health Insurance Market Reforms in the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA)
February 10, 2016
Individual Mandate Under the ACA
May 13, 2015
Health Insurance: A Primer
January 8, 2015
TRICARE and VA Health Care: Impact of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA)
February 11, 2014
Unemployment and the Availability of Health Insurance: Issues for Congress
April 10, 2012
Other Resources for CRS Reports

Higher Education

Congressional Research Service Reports

Student Loan Cancellation Under the HEROES Act
April 14, 2023
Child Care Access Means Parents in Schools (CCAMPIS): In Brief
February 13, 2023
Institutional Eligibility for Participation in Title IV Student Financial Aid Programs
February 8, 2023
Federal Pell Grant Program of the Higher Education Act: Primer
January 24, 2023
Higher Education Tax Benefits: Brief Overview and Budgetary Effects
December 21, 2022
The U.S. Land-Grant University System: Overview and Role in Agricultural Research
August 9, 2022
The FAFSA Simplification Act
January 19, 2022
Food Insecurity Among College Students: Background and Policy Options
June 09, 2021
The 90/10 Rule Under HEA Title IV: Background and Issues
April 26, 2021
The COVID-19 Pandemic and Institutions of Higher Education: Contemporary Issues
January 27, 2021
The Closure of Institutions of Higher Education: Student Options, Borrower Relief, and Other Implications
November 17, 2020
An Overview of Accreditation of Higher Education in the United States
October 16, 2020
TEACH Grants: A Primer
December 12, 2019
Title IX and Sexual Harassment: Private Rights of Action, Administrative Enforcement, and Proposed Regulations
April 12, 2019
The Postsecondary Undergraduate Population: Student Income and Demographics
April 12, 2019
Laws Affecting Students with Disabilities: Preschool Through Postsecondary Education
March 13, 2019
“Affirmative Action” and Equal Protection in Higher Education
January 31, 2019
Federal Student Loan Forgiveness and Loan Repayment Programs
November 20, 2018
Teacher Preparation Policies and Issues in the Higher Education Act
November 16, 2018
The Public Service Loan Forgiveness Program: Selected Issues
October 29, 2018
The Higher Education Act (HEA): A Primer
October 24, 2018
Financial Aid for Students: Online Resources
June 12, 2018
The American Opportunity Tax Credit: Overview, Analysis, and Policy Options
June 4, 2018
Harry W. Colmery Veterans Educational Assistance Act of 2017 (P.L. 115-48)
May 16, 2018
College and University Endowments: Overview and Tax Policy Options
May 4, 2018
Federal Student Aid: Need Analysis Formulas and Expected Family Contribution
March 30, 2018
The TRIO Programs: A Primer
March 16, 2018
Tax-Preferred College Savings Plans: An Introduction to Coverdells
March 13, 2018
Tax-Preferred College Savings Plans: An Introduction to 529 Plans
March 5, 2018
H.R. 4508, the PROSPER Act: Proposed Reauthorization of the Higher Education Act
February 22, 2018
Bankruptcy and Student Loans
February 22, 2018
Campus-Based Student Financial Aid Programs Under the Higher Education Act
February 20, 2018
GI Bills Enacted Prior to 2008 & Related Veterans' Educational Assistance Programs: A Primer
October 6, 2017
Programs for Minority-Serving Institutions Under the Higher Education Act
September 12, 2017
Education-Related Regulatory Flexibilities, Waivers, & Federal Assistance in Response to Disasters & National Emergencies
September 8, 2017
Students with Disabilities Graduating from High School & Entering Postsecondary Education: In Brief
July 10, 2017
Administration of the William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan Program
May 11, 2017
Federally Funded Research and Development Centers (FFRDCs): Background and Issues for Congress
September 6, 2016
Sexual Violence at Institutions of Higher Education
April 15, 2016
Overview of the Relationship Between Federal Student Aid and Increases in College Prices
August 22, 2014
Immigration of Foreign Nationals with Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Degrees
December 17, 2012
Federal Research and Development Funding at Historically Black Colleges and Universities
November 10, 2011
Title IX, Sex Discrimination, and Intercollegiate Athletics: A Legal Overview
December 17, 2010
Other Resources for CRS Reports

Human Trafficking

Congressional Research Service Reports

Human Trafficking and Foreign Policy: An Introduction, CRS In Focus
January 7, 2019
Human Trafficking: New Global Estimates of Forced Labor & Modern Slavery
October 18, 2017
The State Department's Trafficking in Persons Report: Scope, Aid Restrictions, & Methodology
September 19, 2017
Trafficking in Persons in Latin America and the Caribbean
October 13, 2016
Trafficking in Persons and U.S. Foreign Policy Responses in the 114th Congress
August 5, 2016
Justice for Victims of Trafficking Act of 2015: Changes to Domestic Human Trafficking Policies
December 17, 2015
Trafficking in Persons: International Dimensions and Foreign Policy Issues for Congress
August 11, 2015
Sex Trafficking: An Overview of Federal Criminal Law
June 25, 2015
Domestic Human Trafficking Legislation in the 114th Congress
April 16, 2015
Sex Trafficking of Children in the United States: Overview and Issues for Congress
January 28, 2015
Child Welfare and Child Support: The Preventing Sex Trafficking and Strengthening Families Act (P.L. 113-183)
October 16, 2014
Juvenile Victims of Domestic Sex Trafficking: Juvenile Justice Issues
August 5, 2014
William Wilberforce Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of 2008 (P.L. 110-457): Criminal Law Provisions
January 29, 2009
Other Resources for CRS Reports

Immigration

Congressional Research Service Reports

“Sanctuary” Jurisdictions: Federal, State, and Local Policies and Related Litigation
May 3, 2019
Iraqi and Afghan Special Immigrant Visa Programs
March 29, 2019
Temporary Protected Status: Overview and Current Issues
March 22, 2019
The Trump Administration’s “Zero Tolerance” Immigration Enforcement Policy
February 26, 2019
Permanent Employment-Based Immigration and the Per-country Ceiling
December 21, 2018
Immigration: Frequently Asked Questions about “Public Charge”
September 19, 2018
Expedited Removal of Aliens: Legal Framework
September 19, 2018
Sources for Frequently Requested Immigration Statistics
September 18, 2018
The “Flores Settlement” and Alien Families Apprehended at the U.S. Border: Frequently Asked Questions
September 17, 2018
A Primer on U.S. Immigration Policy
June 22, 2018
Electronic Employment Eligibility Verification
June 6, 2018
Permanent Legal Immigration to the United States: Policy Overview
May 11, 2018
An Overview of Discretionary Reprieves from Removal: Deferred Action, DACA, TPS, and Others
April 10, 2018
Immigration Consequences of Criminal Activity
Unauthorized Childhood Arrivals: Legislative Activity in the 115th Congress
March 22, 2018
U.S. Family-Based Immigration Policy
February 9, 2018
Nonimmigrant (Temporary) Admissions to the United States: Policy and Trends
December 8, 2017
Overview of the Federal Government's Power to Exclude Aliens
September 27, 2017
Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA): Frequently Asked Questions
September 6, 2017
State and Local "Sanctuary" Policies Limiting Participation in Immigration Enforcement
March 23, 2017
Public Charge Grounds of Inadmissibility and Deportability: Legal Overview
February 6, 2017
Executive Authority to Exclude Aliens: In Brief
January 23, 2017
Unaccompanied Alien Children: An Overview
January 18, 2017
Noncitizen Eligibility for Federal Public Assistance: Policy Overview
December 12, 2016
Social Security Benefits for Noncitizens
November 17, 2016
Asylum: Variation Exists in Outcomes of Applications Across Immigration Courts and Judges
November 1, 2016 (Committee Print)
Immigrant Investor Program: Proposed Project Investments in Targeted Employment Areas
September 19, 2016 (Committee Print)
Syrian Refugee Admissions and Resettlement in the United States: In Brief
September 16, 2016
Immigration Legislation and Issues in the 114th Congress
September 9, 2016
Interior Immigration Enforcement: Criminal Alien Programs
September 8, 2016
Temporary Professional, Managerial, and Skilled Foreign Workers: Policy and Trends
August 9, 2016
State Challenges to Federal Enforcement of Immigration Law: From the Mid-1990s to the Present
August 1, 2016
Numerical Limits on Permanent Employment-Based Immigration: Analysis of the Per-Country Ceilings
July 28, 2016
Executive Discretion as to Immigration: Legal Overview
July 22, 2016
Sanctuary Jurisdictions and Criminal Aliens: In Brief
July 1, 2016
U.S. Immigration Policy: Chart Book of Key Trends
May 14, 2016
Remittances: Background and Issues for Congress
May 9, 2016
Immigration Detention: Additional Actions Needed To Strengthen DHS Management of Short-Term Holding Facilities
May 1, 2016 (Committee Print)
EB-5 Immigrant Investor Visa
April 22, 2016
Border Security: Immigration Enforcement Between Ports of Entry
April 19, 2016
Unauthorized Aliens, Higher Education, In-State Tuition, and Financial Aid: Legal Analysis
January 11, 2016
Birthright Citizenship and Children Born in the United States to Alien Parents: An Overview of the Legal Debate
October 28, 2015
Alien Removals and Returns: Overview and Trends
February 3, 2015
Border Security: Immigration Inspections at Ports of Entry
January 26, 2015
Special Immigrant Juveniles: In Brief
August 29, 2014
Private Immigration Legislation
February 28, 2007
Hurricane Katrina-Related Immigration Issues and Legislation
October 18, 2005
Immigration of Workers into Australia, Canada, Sweden and the United Kingdom
January 1, 1990
History of the Immigration and Naturalization Service
December 1, 1980
Immigration and Nationality Legislation Enacted 1962-1974
January 29, 1975
Changes in the Immigration Laws: Questions and Answers
October 13, 1965
Other Resources for CRS Reports

Oil Drilling, Deep Water Moratorium, Shale Oil, Oil Pipeline

Congressional Research Service Reports

Strategic Petroleum Reserve: Mandated Sales and Reform
October 1, 2019
Five-Year Program for Federal Offshore Oil & Gas Leasing: History & Program for 2017-2022
August 23, 2019
Congressional Roll Call Votes on the Keystone XL Pipeline
June 7, 2019
The World Oil Market and U.S. Policy: Background and Select Issues for Congress
April 23, 2019
U.S. Crude Oil and Natural Gas Production in Federal and Nonfederal Areas
October 23, 2018
Oil & Gas Activities Within the National Wildlife Refuge System
May 9, 2018
Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR): An Overview
January 9, 2018
Keystone XL Pipeline: Recent Developments, CRS Insight
November 21, 2017
Oil Spills: Background and Governance
September 15, 2017
Oil & Chemical Spills: Federal Emergency Response Framework
August 29, 2017
Gulf Coast Restoration RESTORE Act & Related Efforts
July 24, 2017
Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill: Gulf Coast Restoration Efforts, CRS In Focus
July 17, 2017
Dakota Access Pipeline: Siting Controversy
June 17, 2017
Pipeline Security: Recent Attacks
April 11, 2017
Keystone XL: Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assessments in the Final Environmental Impact Statement
April 5, 2017
Congressional Roll Call Votes on the Keystone XL Pipeline
April 4, 2017
Oil Sands and the Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund: The Definition of "Oil" and Related Issues for Congress
February 15, 2017
The Bureau of Ocean Energy Management's Five-Year Program for Offshore Oil & Gas Leasing: History & Final Program for 2017-2022
February 1, 2017
Spill Prevention, Control, & Countermeasure (SPCC) Regulations: Background & Issues for Congress
January 5, 2017
Army Corps Projects and Tribal Consultation: Requirements, Policies, & Controversy
November 15, 2016
Pipeline Transportation of Natural Gas and Crude Oil: Federal and State Regulatory Authority
March 28, 2016
Mexico's Oil and Gas Sector: Background, Reform Efforts, and Implications for the United States
September 25, 2015
An Overview of Unconventional Oil and Natural Gas: Resources and Federal Actions
April 22, 2015
Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill: Recent Activities and Ongoing Developments
April 17, 2015
Canadian Oil Sands: Life-Cycle Assessments of Greenhouse Gas Emissions
December 30, 2014
U.S. Rail Transportation of Crude Oil: Background and Issues for Congress
December 4, 2014
Shale Energy Technology Assessment: Current and Emerging Water Practices
July 14, 2014
The 2010 Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill: Natural Resource Damage Assessment Under the Oil Pollution Act
July 24, 2013
Offshore Oil and Gas Development: Legal Framework
June 25, 2013
Controlling Air Emissions from Outer Continental Shelf Sources: A Comparison of Two Programs-EPA and DOI
November 26, 2012
U.S. Offshore Oil and Gas Resources: Prospects and Processes
February 10, 2012
Oil Spills in U.S. Coastal Waters: Background and Governance
January 11, 2012
Cuba's Offshore Oil Development: Background and U.S. Policy Considerations
November 28, 2011
Outer Continental Shelf Moratoria on Oil and Gas Development
May 6, 2011
The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill and the Gulf of Mexico Fishing Industry
February 17, 2011
Federal Civil and Criminal Penalties Possibly Applicable to Parties Responsible for the Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill
December 16, 2010
Outer Continental Shelf: Debate Over Oil and Gas Leasing and Revenue Sharing
April 3, 2009
Possible Federal Revenue Estimates From Oil and Gas Production in Areas Currently Off-Limits (Under Leasing Moratoria or Inaccessible)
September 12, 2008
Other Resources for CRS Reports

Poverty & The Poor

Congressional Research Service Reports

The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP): Categorical Eligibility
February 25, 2022
Need-Tested Benefits: Children and Poverty
September 27, 2021
The Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) Block Grant: Responses to Frequently Asked Questions
December 17, 2019
Broadband Internet Access and the Digital Divide: Federal Assistance Programs
January 9, 2019
Poverty in the United States in 2017: In Brief
November 7, 2018
Social Security: Minimum Benefits
July 20, 2018
LIHEAP: Program and Funding
June 22, 2018
Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA): Resources for Frequently Asked Questions
May 5, 2020
Older Americans Act: Background and Overview
June 19, 2017
An Introduction to Poverty Measurement
March 9, 2017
Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF): Size of the Population Eligible for & Receiving Cash Assistance
January 3, 2017
U.S. Income Distribution: Trends and Issues
December 8, 2016
State Minimum Wage Ballot Measures: In Brief
December 8, 2016
Demographic and Social Characteristics of Persons in Poverty: 2015
November 30, 2016
Drug Testing and Crime-Related Restrictions in TANF, SNAP, and Housing Assistance
November 28, 2016
Federal Minimum Wage, Tax-Transfer Earnings Supplements, and Poverty
April 8, 2016
Disconnected Youth: A Look at 16 to 24 Year Olds Who Are Not Working or In School
October 1, 2015
Poverty in the United States: 2013
January 29, 2015
Social Security's Effect on Child Poverty
January 23, 2015
Welfare, Work, and Poverty Status of Female-Headed Families with Children: 1987-2013
November 21, 2014
Poverty: Major Themes in Past Debates and Current Proposals
September 18, 2014
The Impact of Refundable Tax Credits on Poverty Rates
September 14, 2011
Older Unemployed Workers Following the Recent Economic Recession
January 5, 2011
Poverty Measurement in the United States: History, Current Practice, and Proposed Changes
April 12, 2010
Older Displaced Workers in the Context of an Aging and Slowly Growing Population
January 15, 2010
Income of Americans Aged 65 and Older, 1968 to 2008
November 4, 2009
Income and Poverty Among Older Americans in 2008
October 2, 2009
Children in Poverty: Profile, Trends, and Issues
November 25, 2008
Other Resources for CRS Reports