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Open Access Legislation & Policies: A Timeline

This page provides a timeline of key Open Access-related legislation, policies, and events. These are just the highlights. A more comprehensive list can be found on this timeline from Wikipedia.

2000: BioMed Central Publisher Established

2001: World Bank Open Access Policy

2001: Creative Commons founded in the United States

2001: SPARC Europe established to promote open access in Europe

2002: Budapest Open Access Initiative

2003: Bethesda Statement on Open Access Publishing

2003: Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the Sciences and Humanities

2005: Directory of Open Access Repositories begins publication

2008: Harvard Faculty of Arts and Sciences Open Access Policy

2008: NIH Public Access Policy

2008: Durham Statement on Open Access to Legal Scholarship written.

2010: "Beall's list" of predatory open access publishers begins circulating

2013: Modern Language Association Statement on Public Access to Federally Funded Research

2014: Omnibus Appropriations Bill

2017: Fair Access to Science and Technology Research Act (FASTR)