OSE 4930 - Frontiers in Optics

The Council of Science Editors (CSE) offers three systems of documentation. In all three systems, a reference list at the end of the paper provides all the information your reader needs to track down your sources. In-text references in your sentences show your reader which sources support the claims and information of that sentence.

• Citation-sequence and citation-name
• Name-year

A quick overview of CSE styles

The systems differ in the details of how they format in-text references and how they organize the reference list. For more information about each system, click on the appropriate link below:

Example from Charkowski (2012):

Despite this, there has been significant progress in modeling gene regulation in SRE, including mathematical models of virulence ⁷⁵ and examination of gene expression at the single cell level ^{87,158,159,166}.

Example from Newbury (2013):

These interactions have been implicated in many systems, including small molecules ⁴, peptides ⁵, proteins ⁶, peptoids ⁷, and nucleic acids ⁸.

Example from Wattiaux (2005):

Milk urea nitrogen can be used as an indicator of the adequacy of protein and the balance between energy and protein in lactating dairy cow diets (Broderick and Clayton 1997; Wattiaux and Karg 2004a) and as a predictor of urinary nitrogen excretion (Kauffman and St Pierre 2001; Kohn et al. 2002; Wattiaux and Karg 2004b).

• In the citation-name system, number your sources alphabetically by each author's last name in the reference list at the end of your paper. In the sentences of your paper, cite these sources using the number from the reference list. This means that the in-text citation ¹ refers to the first source in your alphabetical list.
• In the citation-sequence system, number your sources in the reference list at the end of the paper by the order in which you refer to them in your paper. In the sentences of your paper, cite these sources using the number from the reference list. This means that the in-text citation ¹ refers to the first source mentioned in your text.
• In the name-year system, list (but do not number) your sources alphabetically in the reference list at the end of your paper. In the sentences of your paper, cite these sources by giving the author's last name and year of publication in parentheses.

For a class paper, check to see if your instructor prefers one of these systems. For a journal article, check the journal's instructions to authors to find out which system to use.

For a full description of these systems and the philosophy behind them, consult Scientific Style and Format: The CSE Manual for Authors, Editors, and Publishers, the Seventh Edition (2006) of the CSE manual.

Click on this link to be taken to the EasyBib webpage that will assist you with creating CSE citations and references. 

http://www.easybib.com/council-of-science-editors-format/website-citation